cleanup printf formatting

pilerBackup/pilerbackup.sh

@@ -5,14 +5,34 @@
 #######
 
 
+### set environment variables
+if [ -z "$TERM" ]; then
+    export TERM=dumb;
+fi
+export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin
+
 ### text formatting presents
-norm=$(tput sgr0)
+if command -v tput > /dev/null; then
-err=$(tput bold)$(tput setaf 1)
+    bold=$(tput bold)
-warn=$(tput bold)$(tput setaf 3)
-ok=$(tput setaf 2)
-yellow=$(tput setaf 3)
     cyan=$(tput setaf 6)
+    err=$(tput bold)$(tput setaf 1)
     magenta=$(tput setaf 5)
+    norm=$(tput sgr0)
+    ok=$(tput setaf 2)
+    warn=$(tput bold)$(tput setaf 3)
+    width=$(tput cols)
+    yellow=$(tput setaf 3)
+else
+    bold=""
+    cyan=""
+    err=""
+    magenta=""
+    norm=""
+    ok=""
+    warn=""
+    width=80
+    yellow=""
+fi
 
 
 ### trap
@@ -33,20 +53,20 @@ badDetails () {
 # bad parameter passed to script
 badParam () {
     if [ "$1" = "dne" ]; then
-        printf "${err}\nError: '%s %s'\n" "$2" "$3"
+        printf "\n%sError: '%s %s'\n" "$err" "$2" "$3"
-        printf "file or directory does not exist.${norm}\n\n"
+        printf "file or directory does not exist.%s\n\n" "$norm"
         exit 1
     elif [ "$1" = "empty" ]; then
-        printf "${err}\nError: '%s' cannot have a NULL (empty) value.\n" "$2"
+        printf "\n%sError: '%s' cannot have a NULL (empty) value.\n" "$err" "$2"
-        printf "${cyan}Please use '--help' for assistance${norm}\n\n"
+        printf "%sPlease use '--help' for assistance%s\n\n" "$cyan" "$norm"
         exit 1
     elif [ "$1" = "svc" ]; then
-        printf "${err}\nError: '%s %s': Service does not exist!${norm}\n\n" \
+        printf "\n%sError: '%s %s': Service does not exist!${norm}\n\n" \
-            "$2" "$3"
+            "$err" "$2" "$3"
         exit 1
     elif [ "$1" = "user" ]; then
-        printf "${err}\nError: '%s %s': User does not exist!${norm}\n\n" \
+        printf "\n%sError: '%s %s': User does not exist!${norm}\n\n" \
-            "$2" "$3"
+            "$err" "$2" "$3"
         exit 1
     fi
 }
@@ -56,109 +76,97 @@ cleanup () {
     # cleanup 503 if copied
     if [ "$err503Copied" -eq 1 ]; then
         if ! rm -f "$webroot/$err503File" 2>>"$logFile"; then
-            printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] Could not remove 503 error page." \
+            printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] Could not remove 503 error page." \
-                "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+                "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
             printf " Web interface will not function until this file is " \
                 >> "$logFile"
-            printf "removed --${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+            printf "removed --%s\n" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
             warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
         else
-            printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] 503 error page removed --${norm}\n" \
+            printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] 503 error page removed --%s\n" \
-                "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+                "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
         fi
     fi
     # remove EML temporary directory
     if ! rm -rf "$exportDir" 2>>"$logFile"; then
-        printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] Could not remove EML export tmp dir:" \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] Could not remove EML export tmp dir:" \
-            "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+            "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
         printf "\n%s\n" "$exportDir" >> "$logFile"
-        printf "please remove this directory manually! --${norm}\n" \
+        printf "please remove this directory manually! --%s\n" "$norm" \
             >> "$logFile"
         warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
     else
-        printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] EML temp directory removed --${norm}\n" \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] EML temp directory removed --%s\n" \
-            "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+            "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     fi
 }
 
 # call cleanup and then exit with error report
 exitError () {
-    printf "${err}[%s] -- [ERROR] %s: %s --${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [ERROR] %s: %s --%s\n" \
-            "$(stamp)" "$1" "$2" >> "$logFile"
+            "$err" "$(stamp)" "$1" "$2" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     cleanup
     # note script completion with error
-    printf "${err}[%s] --- %s execution completed with error ---${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] --- %s execution completed with error ---%s\n" \
-        "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" >> "$logFile"
+        "$err" "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     exit "$1"
 }
 
 # display script help information
 scriptHelp () {
-    printf "\n${cyan}%s\n" "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
+    newline
-
+    printf "%sUsage: %s [parameters]%s\n\n" "$bold" "$scriptName" "$norm"
-    printf "Usage:${norm} %s [parameters]\n\n" "$scriptName"
+    textblock "There are no mandatory parameters. If a parameter is not supplied, its default value will be used. In the case of a switch parameter, it will remain DEactivated by default."
-    printf "${cyan}Parameters ${yellow}(default value):${norm}\n"
+    newline
-    printf "There are NO mandatory parameters.  If a parameter is not "
+    textblock "Parameters are listed then followed by a description of their effect on the following line. Finally, if a default value exists, it will be listed on the next line in (parentheses)."
-    printf "supplied, it's\n"
+    newline
-    printf "default value will be used.  In the case of a switch parameter, "
+    textblock "${magenta}--- script related ---${norm}"
-    printf "it will\n"
+    newline
-    printf "remain deactivated if not specified.\n\n"
+    switchTextblock "-c | --config | --details"
-
+    textblock "Path to the configuration key/value pair file for this script."
-    printf "${magenta}script related\n"
+    defaultsTextblock "(scriptPath/scriptName.details)"
-    printf "${cyan}-c, --config, --details${norm}\n"
+    newline
-    printf "Path to the configuration key/value pair file for this script.\n"
+    switchTextblock "-h | -? | --help"
-    printf "${yellow}(scriptPath/scriptName.details)${norm}\n\n"
+    textblock "This help screen."
-    printf "${cyan}-h, -?, --help${norm}\n"
+    newline
-    printf "This help screen.\n\n"
+    switchTextblock "-l | --log"
-    printf "${cyan}-l, --log${norm}\n"
+    textblock "Path to write log file."
-    printf "Path to write log file.\n"
+    defaultsTextblock "(scriptPath/scriptName.log)"
-    printf "${yellow}(scriptPath/scriptName.log)${norm}\n\n"
+    newline
-    printf "${cyan}-v, --verbose${norm}\n"
+    switchTextblock "[SWITCH] -v | --verbose"
-    printf "Log borg output with increased verbosity (list all files). "
+    textblock "Log borg output with increased verbosity (list all files). Careful! Your log file can get very large very quickly!"
-    printf "Careful! Your\n"
+    defaultsTextblock "(normal output, option is OFF)"
-    printf "log file can get large very quickly! This is a switch value, "
+    newline
-    printf "specifying it\n"
+    textblock "${magenta}--- export options ---${norm}"
-    printf "will turn the option ON.\n"
+    newline
-    printf "${yellow}(normal output, option is OFF)${norm}\n\n"
+    switchTextblock "[SWITCH] -a | --all"
-
+    textblock "Export ALL email saved by piler. This is generally only useful for an initial backup. Setting this switch will override any specified start/end dates."
-    printf "${magenta}export options\n"
+    defaultsTextblock "(use start/end dates, option is OFF)"
-    printf "${cyan}-a, --all${norm}\n"
+    newline
-    printf "Export ALL email saved by piler. This is generally only useful "
+    switchTextblock "--start"
-    printf "for an initial\n"
+    textblock "Export email starting from this date (inclusive). Date MUST be provided in YYYY.MM.DD format."
-    printf "backup. This is a switch parameter and WILL override specified "
+    defaultsTextblock "(yesterday's date)"
-    printf "start/end dates.\n"
+    newline
-    printf "${yellow}(option is OFF, use start/end dates)${norm}\n\n"
+    switchTextblock "--end"
-    printf "${cyan}--start${norm}\n"
+    textblock "Export email ending at this date (inclusive). Date MUST be provided in YYYY.MM.DD format."
-    printf "Export email starting from this date (inclusive)\n"
+    defaultsTextblock "(yesterday's date)"
-    printf "Date MUST be provided in the format 'YYYY.MM.DD'\n"
+    newline
-    printf "${yellow}(Yesterday's date)${norm}\n\n"
+    textblock "${magenta}--- 503 functionality ---${norm}"
-    printf "${cyan}--end${norm}\n"
+    newline
-    printf "Export email ending at this date (inclusive)\n"
+    switchTextblock "[SWITCH] -5 | --use-503"
-    printf "Date MUST be provided in the format 'YYYY.MM.DD'\n"
+    textblock "Copy an 'error 503' page/indicator file to your webroot for your webserver to find. Specifying this option will enable other 503 options."
-    printf "${yellow}(Yesterday's date)${norm}\n\n"
+    defaultsTextblock "(do NOT copy, option is OFF)"
-
+    newline
-    printf "${magenta}503 functionality\n"
+    switchTextblock "--503-path"
-    printf "${cyan}-5, --use-503${norm}\n"
+    textblock "Path to the file you want copied to your webroot as the 'error 503' page."
-    printf "Copy an 'error 503' page to your webroot for your webserver to "
+    defaultsTextblock "(scriptPath/503_backup.html)"
-    printf "find. This is a\n"
+    newline
-    printf "switch value, specifying it will instruct the script to copy the "
+    switchTextblock "-w | --webroot"
-    printf "error page.\n"
+    textblock "Path to where the 'error 503' file should be copied."
-    printf "${yellow}(do NOT copy, option is OFF)${norm}\n\n"
+    defaultsTextblock "(/usr/share/nginx/html/)"
-    printf "${cyan}--503-path${norm}\n"
+    newline
-    printf "Path to the file you want copied to your webroot as the 'error "
+    textblock "More details and examples of script usage can be found in the repo wiki at ${yellow}https://git.asifbacchus.app/asif/pilerBackup/wiki${norm}"
-    printf "503' page during\n"
+    newline
-    printf "backup operations.\n"
-    printf "${yellow}(scriptPath/503_backup.html)${norm}\n\n"
-    printf "${cyan}-w, --webroot${norm}\n"
-    printf "Path to where the 'error 503' file should be copied during "
-    printf "backups.\n"
-    printf "${yellow}(/usr/share/nginx/html)${norm}\n\n"
-
-    printf "More details and examples of script usage can be found in the "
-    printf "repo wiki at\n"
-    printf "${yellow}https://git.asifbacchus.app/asif/pilerBackup/wiki${norm}\n"
-
-    printf "${cyan}%s${norm}\n\n" "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
 }
 
 # generate dynamic timestamps
@@ -166,14 +174,30 @@ stamp () {
     (date +%F" "%T)
 }
 
+textblock() {
+    printf "%s\n" "$1" | fold -w "$width" -s
+}
+
+defaultsTextblock() {
+    printf "%s%s%s\n" "$yellow" "$1" "$norm"
+}
+
+switchTextblock() {
+    printf "%s%s%s\n" "$cyan" "$1" "$norm"
+}
+
+newline() {
+    printf "\n"
+}
+
 # same as exitError but for signal captures
 trapExit () {
-    printf "${err}[%s] -- [ERROR] 99: Caught signal --${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [ERROR] 99: Caught signal --%s\n" \
-            "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+            "$err" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     cleanup
     # note script completion with error
-    printf "${err}[%s] --- %s execution was terminated via signal ---${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] --- %s execution was terminated via signal ---%s\n" \
-        "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" >> "$logFile"
+        "$err" "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     exit 99
 }
 
@@ -312,8 +336,8 @@ while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
             fi
             ;;
         *)
-            printf "${err}\nUnknown option: %s\n" "$1"
+            printf "%s\nUnknown option: %s\n" "$err" "$1"
-            printf "${cyan}Use '--help' for valid options.{$norm}\n\n"
+            printf "%sUse '--help' for valid options.%s\n\n" "$cyan" "$norm"
             exit 1
             ;;
     esac
@@ -324,13 +348,13 @@ done
 ### check pre-requisites and default values
 # check if running as root, otherwise exit
 if [ $( id -u ) -ne 0 ]; then
-    printf "\n${err}ERROR: script MUST be run as ROOT${norm}\n\n"
+    printf "\n%sERROR: script MUST be run as ROOT%s\n\n" "$err" "$norm"
     exit 2
 fi
 # find pilerexport, otherwise this is all pointless
 pilerExport=$( command -v pilerexport )
 if [ ! "$pilerExport" ]; then
-    printf "\n${err}ERROR: cannot find 'pilerexport'${norm}\n\n"
+    printf "\n%sERROR: cannot find 'pilerexport'%s\n\n" "$err" "$norm"
     exit 4
 fi
 # does the details file exist?
@@ -339,7 +363,7 @@ if [ ! -f "$configDetails" ]; then
 fi
 # is borg installed?
 if ! command -v borg > /dev/null; then
-    printf "\n${err}ERROR: BORG is not installed on this system!${norm}\n\n"
+    printf "\n%sERROR: BORG is not installed on this system!%s\n\n" "$err" "$norm"
     exit 3
 fi
 # if 503 functionality is enabled, do 503 related files exist?
@@ -353,26 +377,26 @@ fi
 
 
 ### start logging
-printf "${magenta}[%s] --- Start %s execution ---${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] --- Start %s execution ---%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" >> "$logFile"
+    "$magenta" "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
-printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] Log located at ${yellow}%s${cyan} --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] Log located at %s%s%s --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" "$logFile" >> "$logFile"
+    "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$yellow" "$logFile" "$cyan" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 
 
 ### 503 functionality
 if [ "$use503" -eq 1 ]; then
-    printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] Copying 503 error page to " \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] Copying 503 error page to " \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$cyan" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-    printf "webroot -- ${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+    printf "webroot -- %s\n" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     if ! \cp --force "${err503Path}" "${webroot}/${err503File}" 2>> "$logFile"
         then
-        printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] Failed to copy 503 error page. " \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] Failed to copy 503 error page. " \
-            "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+            "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-        printf "Web users will NOT be notified --${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+        printf "Web users will NOT be notified --%s\n" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
         warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
     else
-        printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] 503 error page copied --${norm}\n" \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] 503 error page copied --%s\n" \
-            "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+            "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
         # set cleanup flag
         err503Copied=1
     fi
@@ -391,8 +415,8 @@ case "${configDetails}" in
         . "./${configDetails}"
         ;;
 esac
-printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] ${yellow}%s${cyan} imported --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] %s%s%s imported --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" "$configDetails" >> "$logFile"
+    "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$yellow" "$configDetails" "$cyan" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 
 
 ## create tmp directory and change to it for export operations
@@ -407,36 +431,36 @@ fi
 if ! cd "$exportDir"; then
     exitError 113 "Unable to change to temporary export directory"
 fi
-printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] EML files will be temporarily stored in:" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] EML files will be temporarily stored in:" \
-    "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+    "$cyan" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-printf "\n${yellow}%s/${cyan} --${norm}\n" "$exportDir" >> "$logFile"
+printf "\n\t%s%s/%s --%s\n" "$yellow" "$exportDir" "$cyan" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 
 ## export EML from piler
-printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] Exporting EML files from piler --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] Exporting EML files from piler --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+    "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 if [ "$exportAll" -eq 1 ]; then
     if ! ${pilerExport} -A 2>>"$logFile"; then
         exitError 115 "There was a problem while exporting EML from piler"
     fi
-    printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Exported EML files from piler --${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Exported EML files from piler --%s\n" \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 else
     if ! ${pilerExport} -a "$exportStart" -b "$exportEnd" 2>>"$logFile"; then
         exitError 115 "There was a problem while exporting EML from piler"
     fi
-    printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Exported EML files from piler --${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Exported EML files from piler --%s\n" \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 fi
 
 
 ### pre-backup tasks completed -- move to borg tasks
-printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Pre-backup tasks completed --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Pre-backup tasks completed --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+    "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 
 
 ### Run borg variable checks
-printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] Verifying supplied borg details --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] Verifying supplied borg details --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+    "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 
 ## verify borg base directory
 if [ -z "${borgBaseDir}" ]; then
@@ -444,8 +468,8 @@ if [ -z "${borgBaseDir}" ]; then
 elif [ ! -d "${borgBaseDir}" ]; then
     badDetails dne 'borgBaseDir'
 fi
-printf "${magenta}details:borgBaseDir ${norm}-- ${ok}[OK]${norm}\n" \
+printf "%sdetails:borgBaseDir%s -- %s[OK]%s\n" \
-    >> "$logFile"
+    "$magenta" "$norm" "$ok" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 export BORG_BASE_DIR="${borgBaseDir%/}"
 
 ## check path to SSH keyfile
@@ -454,28 +478,28 @@ if [ -z "${borgSSHKey}" ]; then
 elif [ ! -f "${borgSSHKey}" ]; then
     badDetails dne 'borgSSHKey'
 fi
-printf "${magenta}details:borgSSHKey ${norm}-- ${ok}[OK]${norm}\n" \
+printf "%sdetails:borgSSHKey%s -- %s[OK]%s\n" \
-    >> "$logFile"
+    "$magenta" "$norm" "$ok" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 export BORG_RSH="ssh -i ${borgSSHKey}"
 
 ## check borg repo connect string
 if [ -z "${borgConnectRepo}" ]; then
     badDetails empty 'borgConnectRepo'
 fi
-printf "${magenta}details:borgConnectRepo ${norm}-- ${ok}[OK]${norm}\n" \
+printf "%sdetails:borgConnectRepo%s -- %s[OK]%s\n" \
-    >> "$logFile"
+    "$magenta" "$norm" "$ok" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 export BORG_REPO="${borgConnectRepo}"
 
 ## check borg repo password
 if [ -n "${borgRepoPassphrase}" ]; then
-    printf "${magenta}details:borgRepoPassphrase ${norm}-- ${ok}[OK]${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%sdetails:borgRepoPassphrase%s -- %s[OK]%s\n" \
-    >> "$logFile"
+    "$magenta" "$norm" "$ok" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     export BORG_PASSPHRASE="${borgRepoPassphrase}"
 else
     # if passwd is blank intentionally, this is insecure
-    printf "${warn} -- [WARNING] Using a borg repo without a password is an " \
+    printf "%s-- [WARNING] Using a borg repo without a password is an " \
-        >> "$logFile"
+        "$warn" >> "$logFile"
-    printf "insecure configuration --${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+    printf "insecure configuration --%s\n" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
     # if this was an accident, we need to provide a bogus passwd so borg fails
     # otherwise it will sit forever just waiting for input
@@ -501,8 +525,8 @@ if [ -n "${borgXtraListPath}" ]; then
     done <<EOF
     $( sed -e '/^\s*#.*$/d' -e '/^\s*$/d' "${borgXtraListPath}" )
 EOF
-printf "${magenta}details:borgXtraListPath ${norm}-- ${ok}[OK]${norm}\n" \
+printf "%sdetails:borgXtraListPath%s -- %s[OK]%s\n" \
-    >> "$logFile"
+    "$magenta" "$norm" "$ok" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 includeXtra=1
 fi
 
@@ -527,9 +551,9 @@ if [ ! -d "${borgBaseDir}/tmp" ]; then
     if ! mkdir "${borgBaseDir}/tmp"; then
         exitError 132 "Unable to create borg ${borgBaseDir}/tmp directory"
     else
-        printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] Created ${yellow}%s/tmp " \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] Created %s%s/tmp " \
-            "$(stamp)" "${borgBaseDir}" >> "$logFile"
+            "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$yellow" "${borgBaseDir}" >> "$logFile"
-        printf "${cyan}--${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+        printf "%s--%s\n" "$cyan" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     fi
 fi
 export TMPDIR="${borgBaseDir}/tmp"
@@ -556,66 +580,66 @@ if [ "$includeXtra" -eq 1 ]; then
 fi
 
 # execute borg
-printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] Executing borg backup operation --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] Executing borg backup operation --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+    "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 ${borgCMD} 2>> "$logFile"
 borgResult="$?"
 
 ## check borg exit status
 if [ "$borgResult" -eq 0 ]; then
-    printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Borg backup completed --${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Borg backup completed --%s\n" \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 elif [ "$borgResult" -eq 1 ]; then
-    printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg completed with warnings. " \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg completed with warnings. " \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-    printf "Review this logfile for details --${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+    printf "Review this logfile for details --%s\n" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
 elif [ "$borgResult" -ge 2 ]; then
     err_1="Borg exited with a critical error. Please review this log file"
     err_2="for details."
     exitError 138 "$err_1 $err_2"
 else
-    printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg exited with unknown return code. " \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg exited with unknown return code. " \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-    printf "Review this logfile for details --${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+    printf "Review this logfile for details --%s\n" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
 fi
 
 
 ### execute borg prune if paramters are provided, otherwise skip with a warning
 if [ -n "${borgPruneSettings}" ]; then
-    printf "${cyan}[%s] -- [INFO] Executing borg prune operation --${norm}\n" \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [INFO] Executing borg prune operation --%s\n" \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$cyan" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     borg prune --show-rc -v ${borgPruneParams} ${borgPruneSettings} \
         2>> "$logFile"
     borgPruneResult="$?"
 else
-    printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] No prune parameters provided. " \
+    printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] No prune parameters provided. " \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-    printf "Your archive will continue growing with each backup --${norm}\n" \
+    printf "Your archive will continue growing with each backup --%s\n" \
-        >> "$logFile"
+        "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
 fi
 
 ## report on prune operation if executed
 if [ -n "${borgPruneResult}" ]; then
     if [ "${borgPruneResult}" -eq 0 ]; then
-        printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Borg prune completed --${norm}\n" \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Borg prune completed --%s\n" \
-            "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+            "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
     elif [ "$borgPruneResult" -eq 1 ]; then
-        printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg prune completed with warnings. " \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg prune completed with warnings. " \
-        "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+        "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-        printf "Review this logfile for details --${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+        printf "Review this logfile for details --%s\n" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
         warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
     elif [ "$borgPruneResult" -ge 2 ]; then
         err_1="Borg prune exited with a critical error. Please review this"
         err_2="log file for details."
         exitError 139 "$err_1 $err_2"
     else
-        printf "${warn}[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg prune exited with an unknown " \
+        printf "%s[%s] -- [WARNING] Borg prune exited with an unknown " \
-            "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+            "$warn" "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
-        printf "return code. Review this logfile for details --${norm}\n" \
+        printf "return code. Review this logfile for details --%s\n" \
-            >> "$logFile"
+            "$norm" >> "$logFile"
         warnCount=$((warnCount+1))
     fi
 fi
@@ -624,21 +648,21 @@ fi
 ### all processes successfully completed, cleanup and exit gracefully
 
 # note successful completion of borg commands
-printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Backup operations completed --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] Backup operations completed --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+    "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 
 # cleanup
 cleanup
 
 # note complete success, tally warnings and exit
-printf "${ok}[%s] -- [SUCCESS] All processes completed --${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] -- [SUCCESS] All processes completed --%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" >> "$logFile"
+    "$ok" "$(stamp)" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
-printf "${magenta}[%s] --- %s execution completed ---${norm}\n" \
+printf "%s[%s] --- %s execution completed ---%s\n" \
-    "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" >> "$logFile"
+    "$magenta" "$(stamp)" "$scriptName" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 if [ "$warnCount" -gt 0 ]; then
-    printf "${warn}%s warnings issued!${norm}\n" "${warnCount}" >> "$logFile"
+    printf "%s%s warnings issued!%s\n" "$warn" "${warnCount}" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 else
-    printf "${ok}0 warnings issued.${norm}\n" >> "$logFile"
+    printf "%s0 warnings issued.%s\n" "$ok" "$norm" >> "$logFile"
 fi
 exit 0