NextCloudBackup/backup.sh

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#!/bin/bash
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### Text formatting presets
normal="\e[0m"
bold="\e[1m"
default="\e[39m"
err="\e[1;31m"
warn="\e[1;93m"
ok="\e[32m"
lit="\e[93m"
op="\e[39m"
info="\e[96m"
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note="\e[35m"
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stamp="[`date +%Y-%m-%d` `date +%H:%M:%S`]"
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### Functions ###
### scriptHelp -- display usage information for this script
function scriptHelp {
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echo -e "${bold}${note}\n${scriptName} usage instructions:\n${normal}"
echo -e "${default}This script performs a backup of your NextCloud system"
echo -e "assuming a fairly standard set up such as outlined at"
echo -e "${lit}https://mytechiethoughts.com${default}. Full details about"
echo -e "this script can be found at that site."
echo -e "${bold}\nThe script performs the following tasks:${normal}${default}"
echo -e "1. Puts NextCloud in maintenance mode."
echo -e "2. Optionally copies a 503 error page to your webroot."
echo -e "3. Dumps SQL to a temporary directory."
echo -e "4. Invokes borgbackup to backup your SQL info, NextCloud program"
echo -e "\tand data files along with any other files you specify."
echo -e "5. Removes temp files, the 503 error page and restores"
echo -e "\tNextCloud to operational status."
echo -e "\nThe readme file included in this script's git contains detailed"
echo -e "usage information. The following is a brief summary:\n"
echo -e "${bold}${note}Mandatory parameters:${normal}${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-d, NextCloud data directory${default}"
echo -e "This is the physical location of your NextCloud data."
echo -e "${lit}\n-n, NextCloud webroot${default}"
echo -e "This is the location of the actual NextCloud web files (php & html"
echo -e ",etc.), usually within your NGINX or Apache webroot."
echo -e "${lit}\n-u, NGINX/Apache webuser account${default}"
echo -e "The webuser account NGINX/Apache (and thus, NextCloud) are running"
echo -e "under. Some actions must run as this user due to file ownership"
echo -e "restrictions."
echo -e "${bold}${note}\nOptional parameters:${normal}${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-5, Location of 503 error page file${default}"
echo -e "FULL PATH to the 503 error page HTML file you want copied to your"
echo -e "webroot to inform users the server is down during the backup. If"
echo -e "you don't specify a path/file, the default will be used. If the"
echo -e "default cannot be found, a warning will be logged and the script"
echo -e "will continue."
echo -e "${info}Default: ScriptPath/503.html${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-b, Location of file with borg repo details${default}"
echo -e "FULL PATH to the plain text file containing all information needed"
echo -e "to connect and process your borg repo. Details on the structure of"
echo -e "this file are in the readme and on ${lit}https://mytechiethoughts.com${default}"
echo -e "${info}Default: ScriptPath/nc_borg.details${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-l, Location to save log file${default}"
echo -e "This script writes a detailed log file of all activities. It is"
echo -e "structured in an way easy for log parsers (like Logwatch) to read."
echo -e "${info}Default: ScriptPath/ScriptName.log${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-s, Location of file with mySQL details${default}"
echo -e "FULL PATH to the plain text file containing all information needed"
echo -e "to connect to your mySQL (mariaDB) server and NextCloud database."
echo -e "Details on the structure of this file are in the readme and on ${lit}"
echo -e "https://mytechiethoughts.com${default}"
echo -e "${info}Default: ScriptPath/nc_sql.details${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-v, Verbose output from borgbackup${default}"
echo -e "By default, this script will only log summary data from borg."
echo -e "If you need/want more detailed information, the verbose setting"
echo -e "will list every file processed along with their status. Note: Your"
echo -e "log file can quickly get very very large using this option!"
echo -e "${info}Default: NOT activated (standard logging)${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-w, webserver's webroot directory${default}"
echo -e "This is the location from which your webserver (NGINX, Apache,"
echo -e "etc.) physically stores files to be served. This is NOT the"
echo -e "configuration directory for your webserver! It is the place"
echo -e "where the actual HTML/PHP/CSS/JS/etc. files are stored."
echo -e "NOTE: If you omit this option, then the entire 503 copy process"
echo -e "will be skipped regardless of the presence of a 503.html file."
echo -e "If you don't want to use the 503 feature, omitting this is an easy"
echo -e "way to skip it!"
echo -e "${info}Default: NONE${default}"
echo -e "${lit}\n-?, This help screen${default}\n"
echo -e "${bold}Please refer to the readme file and/or ${lit}https://mytechiethoughts.com${default}"
echo -e "for more information on this script.${normal}\n"
# exit with code 1 -- there is no use logging this
exit 1
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}
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### quit -- exit the script after logging any errors, warnings, etc.
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function quit {
# list generated warnings, if any
if [ ${#exitWarn[@]} -gt 0 ]; then
echo -e "${warn}${scriptName} generated the following warnings:" \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
for warnCode in "${exitWarn[@]}"; do
echo -e "${warn}-- [WARNING] ${warningExplain[$warnCode]}" \
"(code: ${warnCode}) --${normal}" >> "$logFile"
done
fi
if [ -z "${exitError}" ]; then
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# exit cleanly
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echo -e "${note}${stamp} -- ${scriptName} completed" \
"--${normal}" >> "$logFile"
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exit 0
else
# list generated errors and explanations then exit script with code 2
echo -e "${err}${scriptName} generated the following errors:" \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
for errCode in "${exitError[@]}"; do
echo -e "${err}-- [ERROR] ${errorExplain[$errCode]}" \
"(code: ${errCode}) --$normal" >> "$logFile"
done
exit 2
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fi
}
function checkExist {
if [ "$1" = "ff" ]; then
# find file
if [ -f "$2" ]; then
# found
return 0
else
# not found
return 1
fi
elif [ "$1" = "fd" ]; then
# find directory
if [ -d "$2" ]; then
# found
return 0
else
# not found
return 1
fi
fi
}
### ncMaint - pass requested mode change type to NextCloud occ
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function ncMaint {
su -c "php ${ncRoot}/occ maintenance:mode --$1" - "${webUser}" \
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>> "$logFile" 2>&1
maintResult="$?"
return "$maintResult"
}
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### cleanup - cleanup files and directories created by this script
function cleanup {
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## remove SQL dump file and directory
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rm -rf "$sqlDumpDir" >> "$logFile" 2>&1
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# verify directory is gone
checkExist fd "$sqlDumpDir"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "0" ]; then
# directory still exists
exitWarn+=('111')
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else
# directory removed
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Removed SQL temp directory${normal}" \
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>> "$logFile"
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fi
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## remove 503 error page
# check value of 'clean503' to see if this is necessary (=1) otherwise, skip
if [ "$clean503" -eq 1 ]; then
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# proceed with cleanup
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Removing 503 error page..." >> "$logFile"
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rm -f "$webroot/$err503File" >> "$logFile" 2>&1
# verify file is actually gone
checkExist ff "$webroot/$err503File"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "0" ]; then
# file still exists
exitWarn+=('5030')
else
# file removed
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] 503 page removed from webroot" \
"--${normal}" >> "$logFile"
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fi
else
echo -e "${op}${stamp} 503 error page never copied to webroot," \
"nothing to cleanup" >> "$logFile"
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fi
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## Exit NextCloud maintenance mode regardless of current status
ncMaint off
# check if successful
if [ "$maintResult" = "0" ]; then
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] NextCloud now in regular" \
"operating mode --${normal}" >> "$logFile"
else
exitError+=('101')
quit
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fi
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}
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### End of Functions ###
### Default parameters
# store the logfile in the same directory as this script using the script's name
# with the extension .log
scriptPath="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
scriptName="$( basename ${0} )"
logFile="$scriptPath/${scriptName%.*}.log"
# set default 503 error page name and location in scriptPath
err503Path="$scriptPath/503.html"
err503File="${err503Path##*/}"
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# set default sqlDetails path to scriptPath
sqlDetails="$scriptPath/nc_sql.details"
# set default borgDetails path to scriptPath
borgDetails="$scriptPath/nc_borg.details"
# set borg parameters to 'normal' verbosity
borgCreateParams='--stats'
borgPruneParams='--list'
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### Set script parameters to null and initialize array variables
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unset PARAMS
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unset sqlDumpDir
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unset webroot
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unset ncRoot
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unset webUser
unset clean503
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unset sqlParams
unset ncDataDir
unset borgXtra
unset borgExclude
unset borgPrune
unset BORG_BASE_DIR
unset BORG_RSH
unset BORG_REPO
unset BORG_PASSPHRASE
unset BORG_REMOTE_PATH
exitError=()
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errorExplain=()
exitWarn=()
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warningExplain=()
borgConfig=()
xtraFiles=()
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### Error codes
errorExplain[100]="Could not put NextCloud into maintenance mode"
errorExplain[101]="Could not exit NextCloud maintenance mode"
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errorExplain[200]="Could not dump NextCloud SQL database"
errorExplain[210]="Invalid or non-existant borg base directory specified (borg backup details file)"
errorExplain[211]="Invalid or non-existant path to borg SSH keyfile (borg backup details file)"
errorExplain[212]="Name of borg repo was not specified (borg backup details file)"
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errorExplain[220]="Borg exited with a critical error. Please check this script's logfile for details"
errorExplain[221]="Borg prune exited with ERRORS. Please check this script's logfile for details"
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### Warning codes & messages
warningExplain[111]="Could not remove SQL dump file and directory, please remove manually"
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warningExplain[5030]="Could not remove 503 error page. This MUST be removed manually before NGINX will serve webclients!"
warningExplain[5031]="No webroot path was specified (-w parameter missing)"
warningExplain[5032]="The specified webroot (-w parameter) could not be found"
warningExplain[5033]="No 503 error page could be found. If not using the default located in the script directory, then check your -5 parameter"
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warningExplain[5035]="Error copying 503 error page to webroot"
warn503="Web users will NOT be informed the server is down!"
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warningExplain[2111]="No password used for SSH keys or access to remote borg repo. This is an insecure configuration"
warningExplain[2112]="No remote borg instance specified. Operations will be slower in this configuration"
warningExplain[2113]="The specified file containing extra files for inclusion in borgbackup could not be found"
warningExplain[2114]="The specified file containing exclusion patterns for borgbackup could not be found. Backup was performed as though NO exclusions were defined"
warningExplain[2115]="No paramters provided for borg prune. No repo pruning has taken place. You should reconsider this decision to control the size/history of your backups"
warningExplain[2200]="Borg completed with warnings. Please check this script's logfile for details"
warningExplain[2201]="Borg exited with an unknown return-code. Please check this script's logfile for details"
warningExplain[2210]="Borg prune exited with warnings. Please check this script's logfile for details"
warningExplain[2212]="Borg prune exited with an unknown return-code. Please check this script's logfile for details"
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### Process script parameters
# If parameters are provided but don't start with '-' then show the help page
# and exit with an error
if [ -n "$1" ] && [[ ! "$1" =~ ^- ]]; then
# show script help page
scriptHelp
fi
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# use GetOpts to process parameters
while getopts ':l:n:u:v5:w:s:b:d:' PARAMS; do
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case "$PARAMS" in
l)
# use provided location for logFile
logFile="${OPTARG}"
;;
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n)
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# NextCloud webroot
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ncRoot="${OPTARG%/}"
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;;
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u)
# webuser
webUser="${OPTARG}"
;;
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v)
# verbose output from Borg
borgCreateParams='--list --stats'
borgPruneParams='--list'
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;;
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5)
# Full path to 503 error page
err503Path="${OPTARG%/}"
err503File="${err503Path##*/}"
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;;
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w)
# path to webserver webroot to copy 503 error page
webroot="${OPTARG%/}"
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;;
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s)
# path to file containing SQL login details
sqlDetails="${OPTARG%/}"
;;
b)
# path to file containing borgbackup settings and details
borgDetails="${OPTARG%/}"
;;
d)
# nextcloud data directory
ncDataDir="${OPTARG%/}"
;;
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?)
# unrecognized parameters trigger scriptHelp
scriptHelp
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;;
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esac
done
### Verify script pre-requisties
## If not running as root, display error on console and exit
if [ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]; then
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echo -e "\n${err}This script MUST be run as ROOT. Exiting.${normal}"
exit 2
fi
## Check NextCloud webroot
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# Ensure NextCloud webroot is provided
if [ -z "$ncRoot" ]; then
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echo -e "\n${err}The NextCloud webroot must be specified (-n parameter)" \
"${normal}\n"
exit 1
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# Ensure NextCloud webroot directory exists
elif [ -n "$ncRoot" ]; then
checkExist fd "$ncRoot"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "1" ]; then
# Specified NextCloud webroot directory could not be found
echo -e "\n${err}The provided NextCloud webroot directory" \
"(-n parameter) does not exist.${normal}\n"
exit 1
fi
fi
## Check NextCloud webuser account
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# Ensure NextCloud webuser account is provided
if [ -z "$webUser" ]; then
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echo -e "\n${err}The webuser account running NextCloud must be provided" \
"(-u parameter)${normal}\n"
exit 1
# Check if supplied webUser account exists
elif [ -n "$webUser" ]; then
user_exists=$(id -u $webUser > /dev/null 2>&1; echo $?)
if [ $user_exists -ne 0 ]; then
echo -e "\n${err}The supplied webuser account (-u parameter) does not" \
"exist.${normal}\n"
exit 1
fi
fi
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## Ensure sqlDetails file exists
checkExist ff "$sqlDetails"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "1" ]; then
# sqlDetails file cannot be found
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echo -e "\n${err}The file containing your SQL details does not exist" \
"(-s parameter)${normal}\n"
exit 1
fi
## Ensure borgDetails file exists
checkExist ff "$borgDetails"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "1" ]; then
# sqlDetails file cannot be found
echo -e "\n${err}The file containing your borgbackup details does not" \
"exist (-b parameter)${normal}\n"
exit 1
fi
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## Check NextCloud data directory
# Ensure NextCloud data directory is provided
if [ -z "$ncDataDir" ]; then
echo -e "\n${err}The NextCloud data directory must be specified" \
"(-d parameter)${normal}\n"
exit 1
# Ensure NextCloud data directory exists
elif [ -n "$ncDataDir" ]; then
checkExist fd "$ncDataDir"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "1" ]; then
# Specified NextCloud data directory could not be found
echo -e "\n${err}The provided NextCloud data directory" \
"(-d parameter) does not exist.${normal}\n"
exit 1
fi
fi
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### Log start of script operations
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echo -e "${note}${stamp}-- Start $scriptName execution ---${normal}" \
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>> "$logFile"
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### Export logFile variable for use by Borg
export logFile="$logFile"
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### Create sqlDump temporary directory and sqlDumpFile name
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sqlDumpDir=$( mktemp -d )
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sqlDumpFile="backup-`date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S`.sql"
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] mySQL dump file will be stored" \
"at: ${lit}${sqlDumpDir}/${sqlDumpFile}${normal}" >> "$logFile"
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### 503 error page: If you dont' plan on using the auto-copied 503 then comment
### this entire section starting with '--- Begin 503 section ---' until
### '--- End 503 section ---' to suppress generated warnings
### --- Begin 503 section ---
## Check if webroot has been specified, if not, skip this entire section since there is nowhere to copy the 503 file.
if [ -z "$webroot" ]; then
# no webroot path provided
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] ${warn503} --${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
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exitWarn+=('5031')
clean503=0
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else
# verify webroot actually exists
checkExist fd "$webroot"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "1" ]; then
# webroot directory specified could not be found
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] ${warn503} --${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
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exitWarn+=('5032')
clean503=0
else
# webroot exists
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Using webroot: ${lit}${webroot}${normal}" \
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>> "$logFile"
# Verify 503 file existance at given path
checkExist ff "$err503Path"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "1" ]; then
# 503 file could not be found
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] ${warn503} --${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
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exitWarn+=('5033')
clean503=0
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else
# 503 file exists and webroot is valid. Let's copy it!
echo -e "${op}${stamp} ${err503File} found at ${lit}${err503Path}" \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Copying 503 error page to webroot..." \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
cp "${err503Path}" "$webroot/" >> "$logFile" 2>&1
copyResult="$?"
# verify copy was successful
if [ "$copyResult" = "1" ]; then
# copy was unsuccessful
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] ${warn503} --${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
exitWarn+=('5035')
clean503=0
else
# copy was successful
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] 503 error page" \
"successfully copied to webroot --${normal}" >> "$logFile"
clean503=1
fi
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fi
fi
fi
### --- End 503 section ---
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### Put NextCloud in maintenance mode
ncMaint on
# check if successful
if [ "$maintResult" = "0" ]; then
echo -e "${info}${stamp} -- [INFO] NextCloud now in maintenance mode --" \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
else
exitError+=('100')
cleanup
quit
fi
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### Get SQL info from sqlDetails
mapfile -t sqlParams < "$sqlDetails"
### Dump SQL
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Dumping NextCloud SQL database...${normal}" >> "$logFile"
mysqldump --single-transaction -h"${sqlParams[0]}" -u"${sqlParams[1]}" \
-p"${sqlParams[2]}" "${sqlParams[3]}" > "${sqlDumpDir}/${sqlDumpFile}" \
2>> "$logFile"
# verify
dumpResult="$?"
if [ "$dumpResult" = "0" ]; then
echo -e "${ok}${stamp} -- [SUCCESS] SQL dumped successfully --${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
else
exitError+=('200')
cleanup
quit
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fi
### Call borgbackup to copy actual files
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Pre-backup tasks completed, calling borgbackup..." \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
## Get borgbackup settings and repo details
# read definition file and map to array variable
mapfile -t borgConfig < "$borgDetails"
## check if any required borg configuration variables in defintion file are
## empty and exit with error, otherwise, map array items to variables
# check: borg base directory
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echo -e "${op}${stamp} Verifying supplied borg configuration variables..." \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
if [ -z "${borgConfig[0]}" ]; then
exitError+=('210')
cleanup
quit
else
# verify the path actually exists
checkExist fd "${borgConfig[0]}"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "1" ]; then
# borg base directory specified could not be found
exitError+=('210')
cleanup
quit
fi
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Borg base dir... OK${normal}" >> "$logFile"
export BORG_BASE_DIR="${borgConfig[0]}"
fi
# check: path to SSH keyfile
if [ -z "${borgConfig[1]}" ]; then
exitError+=('211')
cleanup
quit
else
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checkExist ff "${borgConfig[1]}"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = 1 ]; then
# SSH keyfile specified could not be found
exitError+=('211')
cleanup
quit
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fi
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Borg SSH key... OK${normal}" >> "$logFile"
export BORG_RSH="ssh -i ${borgConfig[1]}"
fi
# check: name of borg repo
if [ -z "${borgConfig[2]}" ]; then
exitError+=('212')
cleanup
quit
else
export BORG_REPO="${borgConfig[2]}"
fi
# repo password
if [ -n "${borgConfig[3]}" ]; then
export BORG_PASSPHRASE="${borgConfig[3]}"
else
exitWarn+=('2111')
# if the password was omitted by mistake, export a dummy password so borg
# fails with an error instead of sitting and waiting for input
export BORG_PASSPHRASE="DummyPasswordSoBorgFails"
fi
# additional files to be backed up
borgXtra="${borgConfig[4]}"
# file with pattern definition for excluded files
borgExclude="${borgConfig[5]}"
# parameters for borg prune
borgPrune="${borgConfig[6]}"
# export: borg remote path (if not blank)
if [ -n "${borgConfig[7]}" ]; then
export BORG_REMOTE_PATH="${borgConfig[7]}"
else
exitWarn+=('2112')
fi
## If borgXtra exists, map contents to an array variable
if [ -n "$borgXtra" ]; then
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Processing referenced extra files list for" \
"borgbackup to include in backup${normal}" >> "$logFile"
checkExist ff "$borgXtra"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "0" ]; then
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Found ${lit}${borgXtra}${normal}" >> "$logFile"
mapfile -t xtraFiles < "$borgXtra"
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Processed extra files list for inclusion in" \
"borgbackup${normal}" >> "$logFile"
else
exitWarn+=('2113')
fi
fi
## Check if borgExclude exists since borg will throw an error if it's missing
checkExist ff "$borgExclude"
checkResult="$?"
if [ "$checkResult" = "0" ]; then
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Found ${lit}${borgExclude}${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
else
# file not found, unset the variable so it's like it was not specified
# in the first place and continue with backup
unset borgExclude
exitWarn+=('2114')
fi
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## Generate and execute borg
# commandline depends on whether borgExclude is empty or not
if [ -z "$borgExclude" ]; then
# borgExclude is empty
echo -e "${bold}${op}${stamp} Executing borg without exclusions${normal}" \
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>> "$logFile"
borg --show-rc create ${borgCreateParams} ::`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S` \
${xtraFiles[@]} \
${sqlDumpDir} ${ncDataDir} \
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2>> "$logFile"
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else
# borgExclude is not empty
echo -e "${bold}${op}${stamp} Executing borg with exclusions${normal}" \
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>> "$logFile"
borg --show-rc create ${borgCreateParams} --exclude-from ${borgExclude} \
::`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S` \
${xtraFiles[@]} \
${sqlDumpDir} ${ncDataDir} \
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2>> "$logFile"
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fi
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## Check status of borg operation
borgResult="$?"
if [ "$borgResult" -eq 0 ]; then
echo -e "${ok}${stamp} -- [SUCCESS] Borg backup completed successfully --" \
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"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
elif [ "$borgResult" -eq 1 ]; then
exitWarn+=('2200')
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elif [ "$borgResult" -ge 2 ]; then
exitError+=('220')
cleanup
quit
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else
exitWarn+=('2201')
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fi
## Generate and execute borg prune
# command depends on whether or not parameters have been defined
if [ -n "$borgPrune" ]; then
# parameters defined
echo -e "${bold}${op}${stamp} Executing borg prune operation${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
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borg prune --show-rc -v ${borgPruneParams} ${borgPrune} \
2>> "$logFile"
# check return-status
pruneResult="$?"
if [ "$pruneResult" -eq 0 ]; then
echo -e "${ok}${stamp} -- [SUCCESS] Borg prune completed successfully" \
"--${normal}" >> "$logFile"
elif [ "$pruneResult" -eq 1 ]; then
exitWarn+=('2210')
elif [ "$pruneResult" -ge 2 ]; then
exitError+=('221')
else
exitWarn+=('2212')
fi
else
# parameters not defined... skip pruning
exitWarn+=('2115')
fi
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### borgbackup completed
echo -e "${op}${stamp} Borgbackup completed... begin cleanup" \
"${normal}" >> "$logFile"
### Exit script
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echo -e "${bold}${op}${stamp} ***Normal exit process***${normal}" \
>> "$logFile"
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cleanup
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echo -e "${bold}${ok}${stamp} -- [SUCCESS] All processes completed" \
"successfully --${normal}" >> "$logFile"
quit
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# This code should not be executed since the 'quit' function should terminate
# this script. Therefore, exit with code 99 if we get to this point.
exit 99